Varieties of Anarchist Entente

Anarchism had hardly been established as a widely used keyword before the struggles over its scope and proper meaning became equally widespread. Indeed, we might say that anarchism became a keyword precisely as an attempt to draw lines between, on the one hand, authoritarian and anti-authoritarian factions in the International and, on the other, the “modern” anti-authoritarian communists and all other anarchistic tendencies. And the widespread divisions gave rise, just as rapidly, to proposals for unity or at least toleration between anarchists if different currents. We might recognize, then, that, alongside the various tendencies defined by proposed economic and social institutions, there has also been a tendency, sharing partisans with nearly all of the other anarchist currents, defined by its struggles to deal with what is most anarchic about anarchism and find means to turn that anarchy into a strength, rather than a weakness. Here, that current, with all of its own internal anarchy, is identified by the phrase “varieties of anarchist entente.” This page will collect material related to the various proposals and their authors. Initially, the links are intended to introduce the major proponents of the various projects, but they will gradually come to focus more specifically on the details of those proposals.

Paul Emile de Puydt — panarchy —

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• Paul Emile de Puydt, Panarchy (1860)

Dyer D. Lum — communal anarchy, etc. —

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• Dyer D. Lum, “Communal Anarchy,” The Alarm 2 no. 15 (March 6, 1886): 2.

Ricardo Mella — acracia, anarquismo sin adjetivos —

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• Ricardo Mella, “La reacción en la Revolución,” Acracia 2 no. 18 (Junio, 1887): 233-236; 2 no. 21 (Setiembre, 1887): 322-324; 2 no. 23 (Noviembre, 1887): 391-395; 3 no. 26 (Febrero, 1888): 475-482; 3 no. 28 (Abril, 1888): 546-550.
• Ricardo Mella, Collectivism (1891) (from Sinopsis Social. La Anarquía, la Federación y el Colectivismo)
• Ricardo Mella, Free Cooperation and Communities (1900)
• Ricardo Mella, “La bancarrota de las creencias” (“The Bankruptcy of Beliefs“) (1902)
• Ricardo Mella, “El Anarquismo naciente” (“The Rising Anarchism“) (1903)

Fernando Tarrida de Mármol — acracia, anarquismo sin adjetivos —

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• Fernando Tarrida de Mármol, “Economía política y economía acrática,” Acracia 3 no. 26 (Febrero, 1888): 484-484; 3 no. 27 (Marzo, 1888): 518-520; 3 no. 28 (Abril, 1888): 551.
• Fernando Tarrida del Mármol, “La teoría revolucionaria” (1889) (ES/EN)
• Fernando Tarrida del Mármal, “Questions de Tactique / Questions of Tactics,” La Révolte, 3 no. 51 (September 6-12, 1890): 1-2. ; 4 no. 1 (September 13-19, 1890) : 2. (FR/EN)
• Fernando Tarrida del Mármol, Revolutionary Theory in 1889 and 1908 (ES)

Max Nettlau — mutual tolerance, panarchy, etc. —

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• Max Nettlau, Untitled (IISH 1924: “Whilst our conviction of the rightness of our anarchist opinions…”)(1895)
• Max Nettlau, “New Tactics For Trade Unionists” (1897)
• Max Nettlau, Responsibility and Solidarity in the Labor Struggle (1899)
• Max Nettlau, Some criticism of some current anarchist beliefs (1901)
• Max Nettlau, Essai d’une critique de quelques tendances actuelles du mouvement anarchiste (1902)(forthcoming)
• Max Nettlau, Fragment (IISH 1777) (1902)
• Max Nettlau, Are there New Fields for Anarchist Activity? (1907)
• Max Nettlau, “1907 and the Present Outlook” (1908)
• Max Nettlau, “Woman’s Work for Human Freedom” (1908)
• Max Nettlau, “Anarchism and the Unemployed” (1908)
• Max Nettlau, La Lutte contre l’Etat (1908) (English: The Struggle against the State) (a revision and expansion of “Are there New Fields for Anarchist Activity?”)
• Max Nettlau, “Can a General Strike Be Successful?” (1909)
• Max Nettlau, On Centralization (1909)
• Max Nettlau, Panarchy, a Forgotten Idea of 1860 (1909)
• Max Nettlau, “A General Survey” (1910)
• Max Nettlau, “Another Point of View.—A Reply” (1910)
• Max Nettlau, “More Heretical Views” (August, 1911)
• Max Nettlau, “The Case of Gustave Hervé” (1912)
• Max Nettlau, Anarchism: Communist or Individualist? Both (1914)
• Max Nettlau, “Mutual Toleration versus Dictatorship” (1921)
• Letters to “l’en dehors” from Max Nettlau and Emma Goldman (1922)
• Max Nettlau, “The duty of radicals toward Soviet Russia” (1924)
• Max Nettlau, “Una palabra más sobre la tolerancia mutua y la convivencia” (1924)
• Max Nettlau, The Attempted Murder of Hugo Bettauer (March 15, 1925)
• Max Nettlau, Eugenics of a Free Society: Thoughts on Roads to Anarchism (1927)(in progress)
  • Eugenics of a Free Society (partial revision, 1932)
• Max Nettlau, “El buen acuerdo anarquista” (1928)
• Max Nettlau, “Cinq années de synthèse anarchiste,” La Voix libertaire 5 no. 205 (28 Janvier 1933): 1.

E. Armand — entente libertaire, entente anarchiste —

• Entente Libertaire — Notes and texts

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• E. Armand, “La réalisation de l’idéal libertaire,” L’Ère nouvelle 3 no. 25 (27 Septembre 1903): 77-78.
• L’Ère Nouvelle, “L’entente libertaire,” L’Ère nouvelle 3 no. 26 (25 Novembre-1er Décembre 1903): 99-100.
• [various authors], “À propos de l’entente libertaire,” L’Ère nouvelle 3 no. 28 (Mars-Avril 1904): 184-188.
• Maurice Marcel, “Sur l’entente libertaire,” L’Ère nouvelle 3 no. 32 (Novembre-Décembre 1904): 407-408.
• E. Armand, “The Anarchist Entente—A Concrete Proposal” (1928)
• “Qu’est-ce que l’entente anarchiste ?,” L’en dehors 7 no. 144-145 (mi-Octobre 1928): 4. (Translation (FR/EN): “What is the Anarchist Entente?“)
• Short Statements on the Anarchist Entente (1928–1929)

Voltairine de Cleyre — anarchism without adjectives —

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• Voltairine de Cleyre, “A Correction” (1907)

Emma Goldman —

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• Emma Goldman, Anarchism: What it Really Stands for (1911)
• Letters to “l’en dehors” from Max Nettlau and Emma Goldman (1922)
• Emma Goldman, et al, Suggestions for Discussion (1928)(forthcoming)
• Alexander Berkman, “To Our Comrades Everywhere” (1928)

Voline — synthèse anarchiste —

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• Voline, Letter to Max Nettlau (1923)
• Voline, “On Synthesis” (1924)
• Voline, “Synthesis (Anarchist)” (1928)

Sébastien Faure — synthèse anarchiste —

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• Anarchist Encyclopedia [main page] [tag feed]
• Sébastien Faure, “Propos Subversifs: Les Forces de Révolution” (1921)
• L’Œuvre Internationale des Editions anarchistes in “La Revue Anarchiste” (1924-1925)
• Sébastien Faure, The Anarchist Synthesis (1928)
• Debate in La Voix Libertaire on the Subject of the Anarchist Synthesis: (1928) (1929) including contributions by Sébastien Faure, Max Nettlau, etc.
• Max Nettlau, “Cinq années de synthèse anarchiste,” La Voix libertaire 5 no. 205 (28 Janvier 1933): 1.

Fernand Fortin — liaison anarchiste —

• Fernand Fortin, “Anarchist Unity or Liaison?” Revue Anarchiste No. 21 (Octobre-Décembre 1934): 23-24. (FR/EN)
• E. Armand, “A propos de la ‘liaison anarchiste’,” La Voix libertaire 8 no. 324 (15 Février 1936): 2.
• significant debate in La Revue Anarchiste and some in La Voix Libertaire.

[Various] — individualisme social, etc. —

• Proposal for an Anarchist Encyclopedia in 1895
• Germinal Esgleas, “Anarquismo sin adjetivos” (1934)
• Fernand Planche, “To Be Anarchist” (1934) [published version]
• Fernand Planche, “To Be Anarchist” (1934) [manuscript]
• Charles-Auguste Bontemps, “Synthèse d’un anarchisme évolutif” (1952)