Anarchy 101

Anarchy 101: Thinking about Authority and Hierarchy

It is common, when discussing anarchist critiques of “hierarchy” and “authority,” to encounter conflicts between those who consider anarchism a critique of all hierarchy and every form of authority and those who, for one reason or another, object that it is only certain forms of hierarchy and authority that anarchists oppose — or should oppose. We are reminded of “Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,” Bakunin’s “authority of the bootmaker,” etc. For our purposes here, I want to present a general framework that draw sharp distinctions between anarchy and these other elements of social organization.

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Anarchy 101

Anarchy 101: Thinking about “Crime”

This is the first in a series of documents attempting to frame the discussion of key concepts in anarchist theory. The goal is to address a series of frequently asked questions, not necessarily by giving definitive answers to them — as that may often be impossible — but at least by summarizing the particular considerations imposed by a fairly consistently anarchistic approach to the analysis. That means attempting to examine the questions in a context where there is no question of “legitimate” authority, “justified” hierarchy or any of the various sorts of “good government,” “anarchist legal systems,” etc. The guiding assumption here is that the simplest conception of anarchy is one that can be clearly distinguished from every form of archy. If self-proclaimed anarchists might perhaps choose to embrace approaches that are, in practice, more complex or equivocal, there is presumably still value for them in the presentation of more starkly drawn alternatives. For some of us, of course, there simply is no question of any compromise between anarchy and archy.

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encyclopedia entries

Anarchist Encyclopedia: Irregular

Entries from the Anarchist Encyclopedia IRREGULIER adj. et nom m. Qui ne répond pas aux traits fixés par certaines règles, qui s’écarte de la symétrie, du type convenu, brise la ligne uniformiste : mouvements, marche, physionomie, attitude, conduite, existence, etc., peuvent être ainsi irréguliers. Au point de vue esthétique, l’irrégularité n’est qu’accidentellement (et parfois conventionnellement) un facteur d’inharmonie ; l’accoutumance aux modes disgracieuses et ridicules nous montre combien certaines « lignes » sont dépendantes de l’adaptation… Irrégulier souligne, autant que des écarts de structure et des incompatibités de mœurs ou de moralité, l’indépendance qui dit l’originalité créatrice, la forte personnalité : esprit irrégulier, génie irrégulier. […]
Workpages

Armand — collation of Initiation and WIaA?

Première partie — Les bases théoriques de l’individualisme anarchiste. 1. Esquisses du Milieu Social, L’Autorité néfaste. Le milieu social. La course à l’apparence. La complexité du problème humain. A qui ce livre n’est pas destiné. A qui s’adresse cet ouvrage. Notre position. 1. LA SOCIÉTÉ ACTUELLE Tableau de la société. La course à l’apparence. Complexité du « problème humain ». Les deux attitudes. A qui s’adresse cet ouvrage. 1) Le milieu social Un chaos d’êtres, de faits et d’idées ; une lutte désordonnée, âpre, sans merci, un mensonge perpétuel ; une roue qui tourne aveuglément, juchant un jour celui-ci au […]
Contr'un

Encounters with Anarchist Individualism

The “anarchic encounter” was always really a metaphor, on which I hoped to eventually hang a more thorough analysis of anarchistic social relations. The elaboration has been slow, but the metaphor has remained surprisingly serviceable — and saw a real revival over the course of the “Constructing Anarchisms” project. The metaphor has its source in a pair of passages from Proudhon’s Justice in the Revolution and in the Church — a work that I have translated over the past couple of years and will continue to revise and annotate in 2025 — which summarize in just a few lines a rudimentary anarchist social system. There is a little more to work with than a bon mot or some etymological cues, but not a great deal more. Again, it is a question of a focus for elaborations that it would probably not be accurate to say all follow directly from the original source. But you have to start somewhere — or start again somewhere, as many times as it is necessary to start again — and the encounter is a somewhere that has served me well for some time now. I’m hoping others will have a similar experience.

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Featured articles

E. Armand on Anarchist Individualism

Links: Encounters with Anarchist Individualism (begins January 1, 2025) E. Armand (project page) What is an Anarchist? (translation in progress) Rambles in the Fields of Anarchist Individualism In preparation for a new project — essentially a year-long return to the “fields of anarchist individualism, involving a reading, revision and annotation of E. Armand’s Anarchist Individualist Initiation — I’ve been working to quickly translate a number of Armand’s other attempts to characterize anarchist individualism, including one that is apparently about to celebrate its hundredth birthday: The ABC of « our » anarchist individualist demands (dated December 31, 1924) (pdf) You’ll find […]
Featured articles

E. Armand, “Noel! Noel! Noel!” (1900-1935)

The anarchist Christmas story is, perhaps, a somewhat unexpected genre, although the opportunities for propaganda are not hard to see. Certainly, it has made sense for anarchist newspapers to mark the holiday season in their own particular way. The result has been tales with names like “Jesus and Bonnot” (linked at the end of this post) — and, come to think of it, perhaps the real surprise is that there doesn’t seem to be a Ravachol Christmas story out there…

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From the Archives

Henri de Saint-Simon (1760 – 1825)

Links: Letters from an Inhabitant of Geneva to his Contemporaries (pdf) Researching the background and origins of anarchism means engaging to some extent with the works of most of the so-called “utopian socialists.” In recent years, I’ve had a chance to revisit and translate works by Pierre Leroux, Charles Fourier and some more obscure figure, but hadn’t had a chance to get reacquainted — and better acquainted — with Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon. It has not been the most appealing of side-projects, simply because the literature of Saint-Simonianism is both extensive — 47 volumes in the main […]
Anarchist Beginnings

Benjamin Colin (1818-1884)

There are a handful of very early anarchist or at least anarchistic writings identified by Max Nettlau that have remained elusive in my searches. One in particular — “Plus de gouvernement!” by Benjamin Colin — has nagged at me a bit, since I have known that the paper it was published in, L’Homme, journal de la démocratie universelle, was accessible in various forms and included some other anarchism-related content. But I have never got around the making the extra effort or financial outlay necessary to get my hands on it.

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